quote:

“The history of the Earth system is a story of change. Some changes are gradual and benign, but others, especially those associated with catastrophic mass extinction, are relatively abrupt and destructive,” Professor Rothman wrote.
“What sets one group apart from the other? Here, I hypothesize that perturbations of Earth’s carbon cycle lead to mass extinction if they exceed either a critical rate at long time scales or a critical size at short time scales.
“By analyzing 31 carbon isotopic events during the past 542 million years, I identify the critical rate with a limit imposed by mass conservation.
“The modern critical size for the marine carbon cycle is roughly similar to the mass of carbon that human activities will likely have added to the oceans by the year 2100.”

quote:

ORIGINAL: heavyblinker

Well, obviously you know a lot more than some dumbass MIT professor.

quote:

ORIGINAL: HaveRopeWillBind

Individual species go extinct all the time, throughout history. A mass extinction is when nearly everything alive is killed off through a single event.

quote:

ORIGINAL: BoscoX


I am having a great day, as always (thanks though)

A partial list of extinct creatures from the mass extinction that began thousands of years ago (in the Americas alone) thanks in large part to Native Americans:

American mastodon
Mammut americanum 8500 USA and Canada American mastodon
American mountain deer
Odocoileus lucasi 10000 USA American mountain deer
Aztlanolagus agilis
10000 Southeastern Arizona to Central America Aztlanolagus agilis
Beautiful armadillo
Dasypus bellus 8000 USA to South America --
Bison antiquus 10000 USA and Canada Bison antiquus
Bison occidentalis
5000 Alaska to Minnesota --
Camelops
Camelops spp. 8000 USA and Mexico Camelops hesternus
Caribbean ground sloths
5000 Caribbean Islands Acratocnus antillensis
Columbian mammoth
Mammuthus columbi 5800 USA and Mexico Columbian mammoth
Dire wolf
Canis dirus 7400 mid-latitude North American down to South America Dire wolf
Florida spectacled bear
Tremarctos floridanus 8000 USA --
Glyptodon
10000 Central America Glyptodon
Harlan's muskox
Bootherium bombifrons 9000 North America Harlan's muskox
Holmesina septentrionalis
8000 USA Holmesina occidentalis
Jefferson's ground sloth
Megalonyx spp. 11000 USA and Canada Jefferson's ground sloth
Mylohyus
M. elmorei, M. floridanus, M. fossilis, M. gidleyi & M. nasutus 9000 North America Mylohyus nasutus
Pleistocene North American jaguar
Panthera onca augusta 10000 Panama to USA Pleistocene North American jaguar
Pygmy mammoth
Mammuthus exilis 10800-11300 Channel Islands of California, USA Pygmy mammoth
Saber-tooth cat
Smilodon sp. 8000 North America Smilodon
Saiga antelope
Saiga tatarica 10000 North America Saiga antelope
Scimitar cats
Homotherium sp. 10000 USA, Canada, Mexico Scimitar cats
Short-faced bear
Arctodus simus 8000 North America Short-faced bear
Shrub-ox
Euceratherium collinum 9500 North America Shrub-Ox
Western horse
Equus occidentalis 10000 USA Western horse
Woolly mammoth
Mammuthus primigenius 2000 Northern USA Woolly mammoth
Recent mammal extinctions (1500 AD to present)
Common name\scientific name Extinction date Range Image
Antillean giant rice rat
Megalomys desmarestii[1] 1902
France (Martinique) Antillean giant rice rat
Anthony's woodrat
Neotoma anthonyi[2] 1926
Mexico (only on Isla Todos Santos) --
Banks Island wolf
Canis lupus bernardi 1920
Canada --
Barbados raccoon
Procyon lotor gloveralleni 1964
Barbados --
Bunker's woodrat
Neotoma bunkeri[3] 1932
Mexico (Coronados Islands) [4]
California golden bear
Ursus arctos californicus 1922
California California golden bear
Caribbean monk seal
Monachus tropicalis[5] 1952
Caribbean Sea Caribbean monk seal
Cascade Mountains wolf
Canis lupus fuscus 1940
Canada and USA --
Cuban coney
Geocapromys columbianus[6] 1500s
Cuba --
Eastern cougar
Puma concolor couguar Unknown (declared in 2011)
Eastern Canada and USA Eastern cougar
Eastern elk
Cervus canadensis canadiensis 1887
Eastern Canada and USA Eastern elk
Goff's pocket gopher
Geomys pinetis goffi 1955
Florida --
Gull Island vole
Microtus pennsylvanicus nesophilus 1897
Gull Island, New York --
Hispaniolan edible rat
Heteropsomys insulans [7] 1500s
Hispaniola --
Insular cave rat
Heteropsomys insulans[8] 1600s
Puerto Rico --
Imposter hutia
Hexolobodon phenax[9] 1500s
Hispaniola --
Jamaican monkey
Xenothrix mcgregori[10] 1500s
Jamaica --
Jamaican rice rat
Oryzomys antillarum[11] 1870s
Jamaica Jamaican rice rat
Little Swan Island hutia
Geocapromys thoracatus[12] 1955
Swan Islands, Honduras Little Swan Island hutia
Marcano's solenodon
Solenodon marcanoi[13] 1500s
Hispaniola --
Merriam's elk
Cervus canadensis merriami 1906
Southwestern USA --
Mexican grizzly bear
Ursus arctos nelsoni 1964
Mexico and Southwestern USA Mexico grizzlies.png
Montane hutia
Isolobodon montanus[14] 1500s
Hispaniola --
Nelson's rice rat
Oryzomys nelsoni[15] 1897
María Madre Island, Mexico Nelson's rice rat
Nevis rice rat
Pennatomys nivalis[16] 1500s
Netherlands (Sint Eustatius) & Saint Kitts and Nevis --
Newfoundland wolf
Canis lupus beothucu 1911
Newfoundland Newfoundland wolf
Oriente cave rat
Boromys offella[17] 1500s
Cuba Oriente cave rat
Pallid beach mouse
Peromyscus polionotus decoloratus 1959
Florida --
Puerto Rican hutia
Isolobodon portoricensis[18] 1600s
Hispaniola and Puerto Rico --
Puerto Rican long-nosed bat
Monophyllus frater 1600s
Puerto Rico --
Santa Lucian giant rice rat
Megalomys luciae[19] 1852
St. Lucia St. Lucian giant rice rat
Saint Vincent pygmy rice rat
Oligoryzomys victus[20] 1898
St. Vincent --
Samana hutia
Plagiodontia ipnaeum[21] 1500sbr Hispaniola --
San Martín Island woodrat
Neotoma martinensis[22] 1950 San Martín Island, Mexico --
Sea mink
Neovison macrodon[23] 1860
Atlantic Canada and New England -- Sea mink
Smith Island cottontail
Sylvilagus floridanus hitchensi 1987(before)
Smith Island, Virginia --
Southern California kit fox
Vulpes macrotis macrotis 1903
Southern California, USA --
Southern Rocky Mountain wolf
Canis lupus youngi 1935
Southern Rocky Mountains, USA --
Steller's sea cow
Hydrodamalis gigas[24] 1768
Commander Islands Steller's sea cow
Tacoma pocket gopher
Thomomys mazama tacomensis 1970
Washington --
Torre's cave rat
Boromys torrei[25] 1500s
Cuba Torre's cave rat
Tule shrew
Sorex ornatus juncensis 1905
Baja California, Mexico --
West Indies nesophontes Nesophontes sp.
Atalaye nesophontes [26]
Cuban nesophontes
Greater Cuban nesophontes [27]
Haitian nesophontes [28]
Lesser Cuban nesophontes
Puerto Rican nesophontes [29]
Saint Michel nesophontes [30]
Slender Cuban nesophontes
Western Cuban nesophontes [31] 1500s
Cuba, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico,
U.S. Virgin Islands & United Kingdom (Cayman Islands) Puerto Rican nesophontes
Possibly extinct mammals
Common name\scientific name Extinction date (AD) Range Image
Dwarf hutia
Mesocapromys nanus [32] 1937
Cuba --
Garrido's hutia
Mysateles garridoi [33] 1989
Banco de los Jardins y Jardinillos, Cuba --
Puebla deer mouse
Peromyscus mekisturus [34] 1948
Puebla, Mexico --
San Quintin kangaroo rat
Dipodomys gravipes [35] 1986
Baja California, Mexico --
San Felipe hutia
Mesocapromys sanfelipensis[36] 1978
San Felipe, Cuba --
Sclater's shrew
Sorex sclateri[37] Unknown
Chiapas, Mexico --
Birds[edit]
Prehistoric bird extinctions (begin Holocene to 1500 AD)
Common name\scientific name Extinction date Range Image
Aiolornis incredibilis
Late Pleistocene
North America --
Antillean cave rail
Nesotrochis debooyi Late Pleistocene
Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands Antillean cave rail
Californian turkey
Meleagris californica 10,000 BC.
USA --
Cathartornis gracilis
10,000 BC
USA --
Chendytes lawi
1800 BC.
Western USA Coast Chendytes lawi
Cuban condor
Gymnogyps varonai Early Holocene Cuba --
Daggett's eagle
Buteogallus daggetti 13000 BC.
California and Nuevo León, Mexico --
La Brea stork
Ciconia maltha 10000 BC.
Western, Southern USA and Cuba La Brea stork
Saint Croix macaw
Ara autocthones Unknown
St. Croix, Virgin Islands. --
Teratorns
Teratornis merriami & Teratornis woodburnensis 8000 BC.
North America Merriam's teratorn
Woodward's eagle
Amplibuteo woodwardi Late Pleistocene
Caribbean --
Recent bird extinctions (1500 AD to present)
Common name\scientific name Extinction date Range Image
Antiguan burrowing owl
Athene cunicularia amaura late 19th century
Antigua and Barbuda --
Atitlán grebe
Podilymbus gigas 1989
Guatemala
Bahaman barn owl
Tyto pollens c. 16th century
Andros Island, Bahamas Bahaman barn owl
Bermuda flicker
Colaptes oceanicus c. 18th century
United Kingdom (Bermuda) --
Bermuda hawk
Bermuteo avivorus c. 1603
United Kingdom (Bermuda) --
Bermuda night heron
Nyctanassa carcinocatactes c. 18th century
United Kingdom (Bermuda) --
Bermuda saw-whet owl
Aegolius gradyi 1600s
United Kingdom (Bermuda) --
Brace's emerald
Chlorostilbon bracei 1870s
Bahamas --
Carolina parakeet
Conuropsis carolinensis 1918
Eastern USA and Canada Carolina parakeet
Cuban ivory-billed woodpecker
Campephilus principalis bairdii 1987
Cuba Cuban ivory-billed woodpecker
Cuban red macaw
Ara tricolor 1860s
Cuba Cuban red macaw
Dusky seaside sparrow
Ammodramus maritimus nigrescens 1987
Florida Dusky seaside sparrow
Gould's emerald
Chlorostilbon elegans Unknown
Bahamas or Jamaica Gould's emerald
Grand Cayman thrush
Turdus ravidus 1940s
Grand Cayman --
Great auk
Pinguinus impennis 1852
North Atlantic Coast Great auk
Guadalupe caracara
Caracara lutosa 1900
Guadalupe, Mexico Guadalupe caracara
Guadeloupe burrowing owl
Athene cunicularia guadeloupensis late 19th century
France (Guadeloupe) --
Guadeloupe parakeet
Aratinga labati c. 18th century
France (Guadeloupe) Guadeloupe parakeet
Guadeloupe parrot
Amazona violacea 1779
France (Guadeloupe) Guadeloupe parrot
Heath hen
Tympanuchus cupido cupido 1932
New England Heath hen
Labrador duck
Camptorhynchus labradorius 1878
Atlantic Northeast Labrador duck
Lesser Antillean macaw
Ara guadeloupensis 1760
France (Guadeloupe) Lesser Antillean macaw
Martinique parrot
Amazona martinicana 1779
France (Martinique) Martinique parrot
Mauge's parakeet
Aratinga chloroptera maugei 1779
Mona Island, Puerto Rico Mauge's parakeet
New Mexico sharp-tailed grouse
Tympanuchus phasianellus hueyi 1954
United States (Colorado and New Mexico) --
Passenger pigeon
Ectopistes migratorius 1914
Eastern USA and Canada Passenger pigeon
Slender-billed grackle
Quiscalus palustris 1910
Central Mexico Slender-billed grackle
Spectacled cormorant
Phalacrocorax perspicillatus 1850
Komandorski Islands Spectacled cormorant
Socorro elf owl
Micrathene whitneyi graysoni 1970
Mexico (Socorro Island) --
Possibly Extinct birds
Common name\scientific name Extinction date Range Image
Bachman's warbler
Vermivora bachmanii 1988
Southeastern USA Bachman's warbler
Eskimo curlew
Numenius borealis 1981
Alaska to Argentina Eskimo curlew
Guadalupe storm petrel
Oceanodroma macrodactyla 1912
Guadalupe, Mexico Guadalupe storm petrel
Imperial woodpecker
Campephilus imperialis 1956
Mexico Imperial woodpecker
Indigo-capped hummingbird
Amazilia cyanifrons Early 1940s
Costa Rica Indigo-capped hummingbird
Ivory-billed woodpecker
Campephilus principalis 1987
Southeastern USA and Cuba Ivory-billed woodpecker
Jamaican petrel
Pterodroma caribbaea 1879
Jamaica Jamaican petrel
Jamaican poorwill
Siphonorhis americana [38] 1860
Jamaica Jamaican poorwill
Semper's warbler
Leucopeza semperi 1961
St. Lucia Semper's warbler
Reptiles[edit]
Modern extinctions (1500 AD to present)
Common name\scientific name Extinction date Range Image
Guadeloupe ameiva
Ameiva cineracea[39] 1928
France (Guadeloupe) --
Martinique giant ameiva
Ameiva major[40] Unknown
France (Martinique) Martinique giant ameiva
Martinique curly-tailed lizard
Leiocephalus herminieri[41] 1830s
France (Martinique) --
Navassa curly-tailed lizard
Leiocephalus eremitus[42] 1917
Navassa Island, USA --
Navassa Island dwarf boa
Tropidophis bucculentus Late 19th century
Navassa Island, USA --
Navassa Island iguana
Cyclura cornuta onchiopsis[43] Late 19th century
Navassa Island, USA --
Saint Croix racer
Borikenophis sanctaecrucis[44] Unknown
St. Croix, US Virgin Islands --
Possibly Extinct
Common name\scientific name Extinction date Range Image
Culebra Island giant anole
Xiphosurus roosevelti 1978
Culebra Island, Puerto Rico --
Jamaica giant galliwasp
Celestus occiduus[45] 1840
Jamaica Jamaica giant galliwasp
Amphibians[edit]
Common name\scientific name Extinction date Range Image
Ainsworth's salamander
Plethodon ainsworthi[46] 1964
USA --
Craugastor chrysozetetes[47] Unknown
Honduras --
Craugastor escoces[48] 1986
Costa Rica --
Golden toad
Bufo periglenes[49] 1989
Costa Rica Golden toad
Rabbs' fringe-limbed treefrog
Ecnomiohyla rabborum' September 26, 2016
Panama Rabbs' fringe-limbed treefrog
Possibly extinct amphibians
Common name\scientific name Extinction date Range Image
Atoyac minute salamander
Thorius infernalis[50] 1980s
Guerrero, Mexico --
Bigfoot splayfoot salamander
Chiropterotriton magnipes[51] Unknown
San Luis Potosí & Querétaro, Mexico --
Golden coqui
Eleutherodactylus jasperi[52] 1981
Puerto Rico Golden coqui
San Martin pygmy salamander
Thorius narismagnus[53] 1980s
Veracruz, Mexico --
Web-footed coquí
Eleutherodactylus karlschmidti[54] 1974
Puerto Rico --
Fish[edit]
Prehistoric fish extinctions (begin Holocene to 1500 AD)
Common name\scientific name Extinction date Range Image
Saber-toothed salmon
Oncorhynchus rastrosus Late Pleistocene
Western Coast of Canada and USA Saber-toothed salmon
Recent fish extinctions (1500 AD to present)
Common name\scientific name Extinction date Range Image
Alberca silverside
Chirostoma bartoni 2006
Lerma River Basin, Mexico --
Alvord cutthroat trout
Oncorhynchus clarki alvordensis 1920s
Alvord Dry Lake, Oregon --
Ameca shiner
Notropis amecae[55] Unknown
Mexico --
Amistad gambusia
Gambusia amistadensis[56] Unknown (declared in 1987)
Goodenough Spring, Texas
Ash Meadows killifish
Empetrichthys merriami[57] 1948
Ash Meadows, Nevada Ash Meadows killifish
Banff longnose dace
Rhinichthys cataractae smithi Unknown (declared in 1987)
Banff, Alberta --
Blackfin cisco
Coregonus nigripinnis[58] 1969
Great Lakes, Canada and USA --
Blue walleye
Sander vitreus glaucus 1983
Great Lakes, Canada and USA Blue walleye
Cachorrito de la Trinidad
Cyprinodon inmemoriam[59] Unknown
Mexico --
Clear Lake splittail
Pogonichthys ciscoides'[60] 1970s
Clear Lake, California --
Deepwater cisco
Coregonus johannae[61] 1952
Great Lakes, Canada and USA --
Durango shiner
Notropis aulidion[62] Unknown
Mexico --
Endorheic chub
Evarra tlahuacensis[63] 1983
Mexico --
Graceful priapella
Priapella bonita[64] Unknown
Mexico --
Grass Valley speckled dace
Rhinichthys osculus reliquus 1938
Lander County, Nevada --
Harelip sucker
Moxostoma lacerum[65] 1893
Southeastern USA --
Independence Valley tui chub
Gila bicolor isolata 1970s
Independence Valley, Nevada --
Las Vegas dace
Rhinichthys deaconi[66] 1986
Las Vegas Valley, USA --
Least silverside
Chirostoma charari[67] 1957
Mesa Central, Mexico --
Longjaw cisco
Coregonus alpenae[68] 1975
Great Lakes, Canada and USA --
Maryland darter
Etheostoma sellare[69] 1988
Deer Creek, Maryland Maryland darter
Mexican dace
Evarra bustamantei[70] 1983
Mexico --
Pahranagat spinedace
Lepidomeda altivelis[71] 1938
Pahranagat Valley, Nevada --
Phantom shiner
Notropis orca[72] 1975
Rio Grande Basin, Mexico and USA --
Parras characodon
Characodon garmani[73] Unknown
Mexico --
Perrito de Parras
Cyprinodon latifasciatus [74] Unknown
Mexico --
Perrito de Sandia
Cyprinodon spp. [75] Unknown
Mexico --
Plateau chub
Evarra eigenmanni[63] 1983
Mexico --
Raycraft Ranch killifish
Empetrichthys latos concavus Unknown
Raycraft Ranch, Nevada --
Rio Grande bluntnose shiner
Notropis simus simus[63] 1964
Rio Grande Basin, Mexico and USA --
Salado shiner
Notropis saladonis[76] Unknown
Mexico --
San Marcos gambusia
Gambusia georgei[77] 1983
San Marcos Spring, Texas --
Scioto madtom
Noturus trautmani[78] 1957
Big Darby Creek, Ohio --
Shortnose cisco
Coregonus reighardi[79] 1985
Great Lakes, Canada and USA Shortnose cisco
Silver trout
Salvelinus agassizi[80] 1930
Dublin Pond, New Hampshire Silver trout
Snake River sucker
Chasmistes muriei[81] Unknown
Snake River, Wyoming --
Stumptooth minnow
Stypodon signifer[82] Unknown
Mexico --
Tecopa pupfish
Cyprinodon nevadensis calidae 1979
Majavo Desert Springs, California Tecopa pupfish
Thicktail chub
Gila crassicauda[83] 1950s
Central Valley of California Thicktail chub
Utah Lake sculpin
Cottus echinatus[84] 1928
Utah Lake, Utah --
Villa Lopez pupfish
Cyprinodon ceciliae[85] Unknown
Mexico --
Yellowfin cutthroat trout
Oncorhynchus clarki macdonald After 1903
Twin Lakes, Colorado

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_North_American_animals_extinct_in_the_Holocene

quote:

ORIGINAL: Made2Obey

Global Mass Extinction in 2100?
The note I got said the end of the world is coming Saturday.