LadyEllen
Posts: 10931
Joined: 6/30/2006 From: Stourport-England Status: offline
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Hi V ECW is English Civil War - for a decade or so from around 1640 on when we fought three civil wars against the Stuart kings Charles I and II (the former lost his head over it). Its a fascinating period in that one has the old and the new on the same field; cavalry in armour, pikemen in armour and then musketeers and cannon. By the end of the period the former were disappearing and the latter taking over, setting the battle fields more or less up to date now in variant forms. Quite a few settlers from what would become the US actually returned to take part. Its also interesting as a period because it was the first time that literacy was really widespread, everyone more or less could read and printing presses turned out propaganda, mostly of a religious nature. Into the protestant vs catholic thing came many more smaller groups - usually ultra protestant but also the likes of the levellers, who wanted a clean start for the country along the lines of political thinking of later ages. Cromwell won the wars, and crushed almost all of them - going on rampages in Ireland (apparently) too, which stirred up much of the problems of more recent times. Cromwell died, parliament invited Charles II to rule again - with limited powers. When Charles died without heir, his brother James came to the throne - he was universally disliked and he was staunchly catholic, so William of Orange was invited in to take over (he was married to a Stuart). James fled, but he and his sons tried many times to regain power - using Irish and Scottish supporters (the Jacobite rebellion) who preferred the idea of a catholic king. William crushed them - which is where the marching season and so on in N Ireland comes from - the protestants rubbing it in basically, and the rest of the modern troubles begins. E
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In a test against the leading brand, 9 out of 10 participants couldnt tell the difference. Dumbasses.
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