vincentML
Posts: 9980
Joined: 10/31/2009 Status: offline
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~FR~ There are three types of genes involved in the various cancers that plague mankind. Oncogenes are mutated forms of healthy genes that cause excess cell division. Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that slow down cell division and repair DNA. Cancer may result when they do not work right. Mutations from proto-oncogenes to oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes can be inherited. The most common gene mutations that cause cancer are sporadic genes. These are not inherited. They are mutations that occur during our lifetime and may be the result of environmental interactions. In some cases there are no obvious causes. More gene mutations build up as we get older so there is an increasing risk of cancer. An identical twin of a schizophrenic will have a 40% to 50% chance of suffering the same illness even if reared apart. Several genes have been implicated in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (which have overlapping symptoms) Schizophrenia most often is expressed early in life in males. Hardly ever females. Spree killers are never females, it seems. Additionally, an over production of a specific brain protein has been identified in autistic children related to a particular gene. And by the way: “So, if schizophrenia is genetic, and we know the location in the brain where the first problems arise, can't we nail down the gene? In the last 5 years we've developed the capability to sequence genomes and check out genetic polymorphisms (differences in genes between one person and another) both rapidly and cheaply. This has enabled us to do a brute force hack of the genome, looking at the genes of many families and finding those genes that are common to families with schizophrenia and are absent in families without schizophrenia. I wrote about a similar study done for migraines a while back. (SNIP) The great thing about the brute force hack genetic studies is that if you have a computer, thousands of data points, and some grad students, you can just as easily look for correlations of not only 1, but 2 or 3 or 4 genetic polymorphisms. And when the schizophrenia researchers did that with the various genes associated with the ErbB4 signaling pathway, they hit the jackpot. All these genes interact with each other, like links in a chain. Break one link, and the brain can compensate. But break two links (so have two unfortunate genetic polymorphisms in this pathway), and your signaling becomes more inefficient. Your risk of schizophrenia goes up 8-fold. Break three links in the chain, and the risk for schizophrenia goes up 27-fold. I'm using schizophrenia as an example - and many of the same genes and a severe inefficiency of the prefrontal cortical network are implicated in autism, by the way. Autism is likely to be, in a sense, a variant of schizophrenia that strikes much earlier in life. A similar story (but in different areas of the brain and with different specific signaling pathways) can be told for anxiety, depression, ADHD…” SOURCE Mental illness, like cancer, is quite a complex problem. Should we give up the genetic research because of the complexity of the problem? I don’t think so. The following is from the website of NIMH ~ the National Institute of Mental Health: Overview This program supports research on the identification, localization and function of genes and other genomic elements that produce susceptibility to mental disorders (including autism and autism spectrum disorders, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder or other related mood disorders, recurrent early-onset depression and other depressive disorders, eating disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder or other anxiety disorders, panic disorder, schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders, personality disorders, Tourette syndrome and Alzheimer's disease). Areas of Emphasis • Whole genome approaches • Candidate gene approaches • Epigenetic and other regulatory mechanisms • Genetic systems approaches Some here would have us believe that the University of Connecticut is a “pornographic” outlier in the study of the genetics of mental illness. Such nonsense. These accusations have been made in this thread without a shred of support, and amount to nothing more than the poster throwing a tantrum based on his ignorance of the research.
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